Overcoming Vertigo: What You Need to Know About Treatment and Care

What Causes Vertigo?

Vertigo can stem from several different sources, primarily either the peripheral or central nervous system.

Peripheral Vertigo

This type of vertigo is often related to problems in the inner ear. Common conditions that cause peripheral vertigo include:

• • Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): A common form of vertigo caused by the displacement of small calcium particles within the inner ear.

  • Acute Vestibular Neuronitis: An inflammation of the nerve that helps control balance.

  • Labyrinthitis: Inflammation of the inner ear that also affects balance.

  • Meniere’s Disease: A disorder involving fluid buildup in the inner ear, leading to recurring vertigo episodes.

Central Vertigo

This occurs due to issues with the brain or spinal cord. Some of the central causes include:

• • Acoustic Neuroma: A noncancerous tumor affecting the nerve responsible for balance.

  • Migraines: Some people experience vertigo as a symptom of a migraine headache.

  • Multiple Sclerosis: A chronic condition that can cause vertigo due to damage to the central nervous system.

  • Cervicogenic Vertigo: Vertigo that is caused by neck-related issues, often triggered by poor posture or spinal misalignments.

Additionally, vertigo can be triggered by cardiovascular problems such as vertebrobasilar insufficiency, as well as medications like antidepressants, antihypertensives, diuretics, and antibiotics (gentamicin and streptomycin). Even metabolic issues like diabetes, hypothyroidism, or food allergies can contribute to vertigo. Physical trauma, such as car accidents or falls, can also be underlying causes of vertigo.